本文共 14451 字,大约阅读时间需要 48 分钟。
作者:徐佳吉
链接:
https://blog.xujiaji.com/post/android-project-one-for-more
1 简介
先来看,有需求如下:
同一个项目
不同的apk图标
不同的服务器域名
不同的包名
不同的名称
不同的签名
不同的第三方key
不同的版本名版本号
解决思路
当然最直接的方式不过于每次打不同包的时候都去替换对应的配置,这种方式的麻烦之处不言而喻。
将所有配置,资源等都配置入项目中,打包的时候,根据选择渠道打包不同配置的apk。(本篇文章就是要讲怎么这么做的)
相信还有其他的。。。
1. 首先我们需要知道productFlavors来配置渠道,这里我将渠道用来表示哪种apk,如下我需要配置四种应用:
productFlavors { userquhua {} quhua {} cuntuba {} xemh {} }
2. 如果我们选择了某一个渠道,那么运行打包的时候会根据渠道名选择资源文件(可结合第6点一起看)
3. 签名可在signingConfigs中配置多个(我将所有签名文件放在了项目跟目录的key文件夹中),这样我们就可以通过signingConfigs指定预制好的签名配置。
signingConfigs { userquhuaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx1.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "alias" keyPassword "xxxxxx" } quhuaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx2.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "alias" keyPassword "xxxxxx" } cuntubaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx3.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "alias" keyPassword "xxxxxx" } xemhRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx4.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "alias" keyPassword "xxxxxx" } }
4. 可在build.gradle中配置动态配置java代码调用的常量数据(如:通过该方式我们可根据不同渠道动态配置第三方appid,或其他需要根据渠道而改变的数据)
比如:我们在defaultConfig {} 中定义了:
buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", '"http://xx.xxxx.com/"'
此时,您看一下清单文件中manifest标签里的,package的值,假如是:
com.xxx.xx
那么,您就可以在java代码中通过导入文件:
import com.xxx.xx.BuildConfig;
然后调用
BuildConfig.SERVER_URL
它的值就是上边配置的字符串:http://xx.xxxx.com/。
你可以进入BuildConfig看一看,里面还包含了一些当前的包名版本号等信息。
5. 在渠道配置那里可以配置对应的包名版本名签名等等
如下所示:
// 省略其他配置... android { // 省略其他配置... productFlavors { userquhua { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 1 versionName "1.0.0" signingConfig signingConfigs.userquhuaRelease // 配置签名 String qq_id = '"xxxxxxxxx"' //配置qq appid buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", '"wxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"' // 配置微信appid manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", ] } } buildTypes { release { // 省略其他配置... signingConfig null // 置空 } debug { // 省略其他配置... signingConfig null // 置空 } } }
这样,如果我们打包userquhua这个渠道,看第2点中介绍选择userquhuaDebug。
然后,最好clean一下项目、然后我们运行项目。
该app的包名就是com.xxx.xx,版本号为1,版本名为1.0.0。
通过BuildConfig调用QQ_ID静态常量,就是该渠道里配置的值,WX_ID同理。
manifestPlaceholders配置也可以这样配置。
签名问题经过个人反复尝试(然后半天就过去了 ̄へ ̄),最终签名如上配置。
需要注意buildTypes中的签名配置signingConfig如果不设置为null,那么打包的是有还是以内置的签名打包。
6. 资源文件替换
再看到第2点的介绍,我们选择运行渠道后,会默认匹配对应渠道下的资源。下面我将xemh渠道的资源目录全部展开一下。
如上图这样,只需要资源名字和app目录对应的文件名字一样即可替换。
strings.xml里的应用名,只需要将对应app_name修改既可替换app下strings的app_name,其他不用替换的不用写就行。
7. 打正式包的时候选好渠道,就可以打包不同配置的apk,当然您也可以使用命令的方式。
获取当前时间
static def releaseTime() { return new Date().format("yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm", TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+8")) }
打包的时候,修改文件名,以方便区别渠道和版本打包时间
applicationVariants.all { variant -> variant.outputs.all { outputFileName = "${variant.productFlavors[0].name}-v${variant.productFlavors[0].versionName}-${releaseTime()}.apk" } }
${variant.productFlavors[0].name}当前渠道名
${variant.productFlavors[0].versionName}当前版本名
${releaseTime()}当前时间
如果您在清单文件AndroidManifest.xml中,有那种以包名开头命名的那种。因为如果包名都改了,有些也需要动态的改变。可以用${applicationId}代替。在打包的时候,会自动替换成当前包名。
比如,类似下配置:
可改为:
当然值得注意的是,在代码中我们也不能把包名写死了,可通过BuildConfig得到当前包名
有关隐私信息的都用xxx替换了
1. 项目根目录的build.gradle
// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules. buildscript { repositories { google() jcenter() } dependencies { classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:3.0.0' classpath "io.github.prototypez:save-state:0.1.7" // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong // in the individual module build.gradle files } } allprojects { repositories { google() jcenter() maven { url "https://jitpack.io" } maven { url 'http://oss.jfrog.org/artifactory/oss-snapshot-local/' } flatDir { dirs 'libs' } } } task clean(type: Delete) { delete rootProject.buildDir } ext{ minSdkVersion = 16 targetSdkVersion = 27 compileSdkVersion = 27 buildToolsVersion = '27.1.1' supportLibraryVersion = '27.1.1' xmvpVersion = '1.2.2' retrofit2Version = '2.3.0' okhttp3Version = '3.8.1' butterknifeVersion = '8.6.0' rx2Version = '2.0.2' CircleProgressDialogVersion = '1.0.2' smarttabVersion = '1.6.1@aar' adapterHelperVersion = '2.9.41' glideVersion = '4.7.1' roundedimageviewVersion = '2.3.0' eventbusVersion = '3.0.0' dispatcherVersion = '2.4.0' picture_libraryVersion = 'v2.2.3' statusbarutilVersion = '1.5.1' okhttpUtilsVersion = '3.8.0' constraintVersion = '1.1.3' flexboxVersion = '1.0.0' }
2. app目录下的build.gradle
apply plugin: 'com.android.application' apply plugin: 'save.state' static def releaseTime() { return new Date().format("yyyy-MM-dd-HH.mm", TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT+8")) } android { compileSdkVersion rootProject.compileSdkVersion // buildToolsVersion rootProject.buildToolsVersion defaultConfig { minSdkVersion rootProject.minSdkVersion targetSdkVersion rootProject.targetSdkVersion testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner" multiDexEnabled true // config the JSON processing library javaCompileOptions { annotationProcessorOptions { arguments = [ serializer : "gson" ] } } ndk { abiFilters "armeabi-v7a" } renderscriptTargetApi 25 renderscriptSupportModeEnabled true } signingConfigs { userquhuaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxx" keyAlias "xxx" keyPassword "xxxxxx" } quhuaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxxx" keyAlias "xxx" keyPassword "xxxxxxx" } cuntubaRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxxx" keyAlias "xxx" keyPassword "xxxxxxx" } xemhRelease { storeFile file("../key/xxx.keystore") storePassword "xxxxxxx" keyAlias "xxx" keyPassword "xxxxxxx" } } flavorDimensions "default" productFlavors { userquhua { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 22 versionName "1.7.5" signingConfig = signingConfigs.userquhuaRelease String qq_id = '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id // qq appId buildConfigField "String", "SINA_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 新浪appId buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 微信 appId buildConfigField "String", "UM_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 友盟 buildConfigField "String", "WX_SECRET", '"xxxxxx"' // 微信 secret buildConfigField "String", "SINA_REDIRECT", '"http://open.weibo.com/apps/xxxxxx/privilege/oauth"' // 新浪 buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_INIT_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 广告sdk初始化id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_SPLASH_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 开屏广告id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_BANNER_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // banner广告id buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", '"http://xxx.xxx.com/"' buildConfigField "String", "LOGO_URL", '"http://file.xxx.com/img/xxx.png"' manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", //暂时填写默认值即可. ] } quhua { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 1 versionName "1.0.0" signingConfig = signingConfigs.quhuaRelease String qq_id = '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id buildConfigField "String", "SINA_ID", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "UM_ID", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "WX_SECRET", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "SINA_REDIRECT", '"http://open.weibo.com/apps/xxxxxx/privilege/oauth"' buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_INIT_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 广告sdk初始化id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_SPLASH_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 开屏广告id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_BANNER_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // banner广告id buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", '"http://xx.xxx.com/"' buildConfigField "String", "LOGO_URL", '"http://file.xxx.com/img/xxx.png"' manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", //暂时填写默认值即可. ] } cuntuba { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 1 versionName "1.0.0" signingConfig = signingConfigs.cuntubaRelease String qq_id = '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id buildConfigField "String", "SINA_ID", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "UM_ID", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "WX_SECRET", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "SINA_REDIRECT", '"http://open.weibo.com/apps/xxxxxx/privilege/oauth"' buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_INIT_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 广告sdk初始化id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_SPLASH_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 开屏广告id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_BANNER_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // banner广告id buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", '"http://xxx.xxxx.com/"' buildConfigField "String", "LOGO_URL", '"http://file.xxx.com/img/xxx.png"' manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", //暂时填写默认值即可. ] } xemh { applicationId "com.xxx.xx" versionCode 1 versionName "1.0.0" signingConfig = signingConfigs.xemhRelease String qq_id = '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "QQ_ID", qq_id buildConfigField "String", "SINA_ID", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "WX_ID", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "UM_ID", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "WX_SECRET", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "SINA_REDIRECT", '"xxxxxx"' buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_INIT_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 广告sdk初始化id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_SPLASH_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // 开屏广告id buildConfigField "String", "ADHUB_BANNER_ID", '"xxxxxx"' // banner广告id buildConfigField "String", "SERVER_URL", '"http://xx.xxx.com/"' buildConfigField "String", "LOGO_URL", '"http://file.xxxxxx.com/img/xxxxxx.png"' manifestPlaceholders = [ qq_id: qq_id, JPUSH_PKGNAME : applicationId, JPUSH_APPKEY : "xxxxxx", //JPush 上注册的包名对应的 Appkey. JPUSH_CHANNEL : "developer-default", //暂时填写默认值即可. ] } } applicationVariants.all { variant -> variant.outputs.all { outputFileName = "${variant.productFlavors[0].name}-v${variant.productFlavors[0].versionName}-${releaseTime()}.apk" } } buildTypes { release { // 不显示Log buildConfigField "boolean", "LOG_DEBUG", "false" signingConfig null minifyEnabled true zipAlignEnabled true // 移除无用的resource文件 shrinkResources true proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro' } debug { // 显示Log buildConfigField "boolean", "LOG_DEBUG", "true" signingConfig null minifyEnabled false zipAlignEnabled false shrinkResources false } } packagingOptions { exclude 'META-INF/DEPENDENCIES.txt' exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE' exclude 'META-INF/NOTICE.txt' exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE' exclude 'META-INF/LICENSE.txt' } compileOptions { targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8 } dexOptions { javaMaxHeapSize "4g" //此处可根据电脑本身配置 数值越大 当然越快 preDexLibraries = false } } repositories { flatDir { dirs 'libs', '../adpoymer/libs' } } dependencies { // 省略 }
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